| Country | Sovereign | Born | Acceded | Consort (born) | Heir (born) |
 Austro-Hungarian Empire |  Emperor Franz Joseph I | 18 Aug 1830 | 2 Dec 1848 |  Archduke Franz Ferdinand (1863) | |
 Principality of Liechtenstein |  Prince Johann II | 5 Oct 1840 | 12 Nov 1858 |  Prince Franz (1853) | |
 Kingdom of Montenegro |  King Nikola I | 7 Oct 1841 | 13 Aug 1860 |  Queen Milena (1847) |  Crown Prince Danilo (1871) |
 Kingdom of Greece |  King George I | 24 Dec 1845 | 27 Jun 1863 |  Queen Olga (1851) |  Crown Prince Constantine (1868) |
 Kingdom of Rumania |  King Carol I | 20 Apr 1839 | 20 Apr 1866 |  Queen Elisabeth (1843) |  Crown Prince Ferdinand (1865) |
 Kingdom of Spain |  King Alfonso XIII | 17 May 1886 | 17 May 1886 |  Queen Victoria Eugenie (1887) |  Infante Alfonso, Prince of Asturias (1907) |
 Kingdom of Bulgaria |  King Ferdinand I | 26 Feb 1861 | 7 Jul 1887 |  Queen Eleonore (1860) |  Crown Prince Boris (1894) |
 German Empire |  Emperor Wilhelm II | 27 Jan 1859 | 15 Jun 1888 |  Empress Auguste (1858) |  Crown Prince Wilhelm (1882) |
 Principality of Monaco |  Prince Albert I | 13 Nov 1848 | 10 Sep 1889 |  Her. Prince Louis (1870) | |
 Kingdom of the Netherlands |
 Queen Wilhelmina | 31 Aug 1880 | 23 Nov 1890 |  Prince Hendrik (1876) |  Princess Juliana (1909) |
 Russian Empire |  Emperor Nicholas II | 18 May 1868 | 1 Nov 1894 |  Empress Alexandra (1872) |  Tsarevich Alexei (1904) |
 Kingdom of Italy |  King Victor Emanuel III | 11 Nov 1869 | 29 Jul 1900 |  Queen Helena (1873) |  Crown Prince Umberto (1904) |
 Kingdom of Servia |  King Peter I | 11 Jul 1844 | 12 Jun 1903 |  Crown Prince Alexander (1888) | |
 Grand Duchy of Luxemburg |  Grand Duke Guillaume IV | 22 Apr 1852 | 17 Nov 1905 |  Grand Duchess Maria Anna (1861) |  Princess Marie Adelaide (1894) |
 Kingdom of Norway |  King Haakon VII | 3 Aug 1872 | 18 Nov 1905 |  Queen Maud (1869) |  Crown Prince Olav (1903) |
 Kingdom of Denmark |  King Frederik VIII | 3 Jun 1843 | 29 Jan 1906 |  Queen Louise (1851) |  Crown Prince Christian (1870) |
 Kingdom of Sweden |  King Gustaf V | 16 Jun 1858 | 8 Dec 1907 |  Queen Victoria (1862) |  Crown Prince Gustaf Adolf (1882) |
 Ottoman Empire |  Sultan Mehmed V | 2/3 Nov 1844 | 27 Apr 1909 |  Crown Prince Yusuf Izzettin Efendi (1857) | |
 Kingdom of Belgium |  King Albert I | 8 Apr 1875 | 23 Dec 1909 |  Queen Elisabeth (1876) |  Prince Leopold, Duke of Brabant (1901) |
 United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland |  King George V | 3 Jun 1865 | 6 May 1910 |  Queen Mary (1867) |  Prince Edward, Prince of Wales (1894) |
Archduke Karl of Austria & Princess Zita of Bourbon-Parma at their wedding, 21 October 1911, with Emperor Franz Joseph looking on cheerfully
