(After the Treaty of Frankfurt, 10 May 1871)
(beginning of the Belle Époque of general European peace that would last until 1914)
| Country | Sovereign | Born | Acceded | Consort (born) | Heir (born) |
 United Kingdom of Great Britain & Ireland |
 Queen Victoria |
24 May 1819 | 20 Jun 1837 |  Prince Albert Edward, Prince of Wales (1841) |
|
 Austro-Hungarian Empire |
 Emperor Franz Joseph I |
18 Aug 1830 | 2 Dec 1848 |  Empress Elisabeth (1837) |
 Crown Prince Rudolf (1858) |
 Kingdom of the Netherlands |
 King Willem III |
19 Feb 1817 | 17 Mar 1849 |  Queen Sophie (1818) |
 Willem, Prince of Orange (1840) |
 Kingdom of Italy |
 King Victor Emanuel II |
14 Mar 1820 |
23 Mar 1849 (Sardinia) 17 Mar 1861 |
 Crown Prince Umberto (1844) |
|
 Russian Empire |
 Emperor Alexander II |
29 Apr 1818 | 2 Mar 1855 |  Empress Maria (1824) |
 Tsarevich Alexander (1845) |
 Kingdom of Sweden & Norway |
 King Carl XV |
3 May 1826 | 8 Jul 1859 |  Prince Oscar (1829) |
|
 German Empire |
 Emperor Wilhelm I |
22 Mar 1797 |
2 Jan 1861 (Prussia) 18 Jan 1871 |
 Empress Auguste (1811) |
 Crown Prince Friedrich (1831) |
 Ottoman Empire |
 Sultan Abdulaziz |
9 Feb 1830 | 25 Jun 1861 | ||
 Kingdom of Portugal |
 King Luís I |
31 Oct 1838 | 11 Nov 1861 |  Queen Maria Pia (1847) |
Crown Prince Carlos (1863) |
 |
 King George I |
24 Dec 1845 | 27 Jun 1863 |  Queen Olga (1851) |
Crown Prince Constantine (1868) |
 Kingdom of Denmark |
 King Christian IX |
8 Apr 1818 | 16 Nov 1863 |  Queen Louise (1817) |
 Crown Prince Frederik (1843) |
 Kingdom of Belgium |
 King Leopold II |
9 Apr 1835 | 17 Dec 1865 |  Queen Marie Henriette (1836) |
 Prince Philippe, Count of Flanders (1837) |
 Kingdom of Spain |
 King Amadeo I |
30 May 1845 | 16 Nov 1870 |  Queen Maria Victoria (1847) |
Emmanuele Filiberto, Prince of Asturias (1869) |
Proclamation of Wilhelm I as German Emperor at Versailles, 18 January 1871